Chemical Equilibrium
10th Class Chemistry Chapter 9 Solved Exercise Short Questions
Q 1 : What are Irreversible Reactions ? Give a few characteristics of them ?
Example :
Characteristics of Irreversible Reactions :
- They are represented by ( →) single arrow .
- They proceed in one direction .
- Products do not recombine to form reactants .
- There is no equilibrium state .
- These reactions are fast .
- Such reactions goes to completion that is why it is also called complete reaction .
Q 2 : Define chemical equilibrium state ?
Chemical Equilibrium :
” When the rate of forward reaction is same / equal to the rate of reverse reaction , then the composition of the reaction mixture remains constant , it is called chemical equilibrium state .“
Q 3 : Give the characteristics of reversible reaction .
- It is represented by ( ⇌)double arrow .
- In Reversible reaction , product recombine to form reactants .
- It proceeds in both ways .
- Reaction never goes to completion .
- It attains the dynamic equilibrium .
Q 4 : How is dynamic equilibrium established ?
Dynamic equilibrium occurs only in Reversible Reactions .
Q 5 : Why at equilibrium state reaction does not stop ?
→ At equilibrium state, the reaction continue in forward , as well as backward direction and dynamic equilibrium is established .
→ So, reaction does not stop .
Q 6 : Why is equilibrium state attainable from either way ?
In Reversible reactions , equilibrium state is attainable from either way , because :
- When the reactants react to give products , equilibrium is attained .
- Similarly , when the products react to give reactants , equilibrium is attained
Q 7 : What is relationship between active mass and rate of reaction ?
Rate of Reaction depends upon the active masses of reactants and products .
” The rate at which a substance reacts is directly proportional to the product of active masses of the reacting substance .”
Q 8 : Derive equilibrium constant expression for the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen .
Q 9 : Write the equilibrium constant expression for the following reactions :
( i )
( ii )
Q 10 : How direction of a reaction can be predicted ?
Direction of a Reaction :
Direction of a reaction at any particular moment can be predicted by comparing the Kc value with reaction quotient ( Qc ) .
- If Qc > Kc , the reaction will proceed in the reverse direction ( Reverse Reaction )
- If Qc < Kc , the reaction will proceed in forward direction ( Forward Reaction )
- If Kc = Qc , the system is at equilibrium ( Equilibrium )
Q 11 : How can you know that a reaction has achieved an equilibrium state ?
When reaction quotient Qc of the reaction is equal to its Kc value then the reaction has achieved equilibrium state .
- Qc = Kc → ( Equilibrium )
Q 12 : What are the characteristics of a reaction that establishes equilibrium state at once ?
Such reactions are Reversible Reactions , in which equilibrium state is established .
Charateristics :
- It is represented by ( ⇌) double arrow .
- In Reversible reaction , product recombine to form reactants .
- It proceeds in both ways .
- Reaction never goes to completion .
- It attains the dynamic equilibrium .
Q 13 : If reaction quotient Qc of a reaction is more than Kc , what will be the direction of the reaction ?
If , Qc > Kc , the reaction goes from right to left in reverse / backward direction to attain equilibrium .
- Qc > Kc → ( Reverse Reaction ) .
Q 14 : An industry was established based upon a reversible reaction . It failed to achieve products on commercial level . Can you pint out the basic reasons of its failure being a chemist ?
Because of the establishment of equilibrium between reactants and products .
- Reversible reactions never go to completion . They proceed in both direction i.e, in forward as well as in backward direction .
- So, on Industrial scale such reactions are not feasible .
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